Impulsive violent criminals and predictive violent criminals: an event-related potential P300 study / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To compare the amplitude and latency of event-related potential P300 be-tween impulsive and predictive violent criminals. Methods Twenty impulsive violent criminals and twenty predictive violent criminals were recruited from one prison in Wenzhou city. Twenty matched healthy controls from community were recruited. Criminals in both groups were excluded from violent crimes caused by mental disorders by judicial psychiatrists using DSM-IV axis I disorder clinical stereotyped interviews. Nicolet Bravo Brain Evoked Potentiometer (produced by Nicolet Company,USA) was used to detect the P300 components of the above three groups of subjects. Eysenck Impulsiveness Scale was used to assess the impulsiveness. Results The P300 amplitude of impulsive violent criminals was smaller than that of predictive violent crimi-nals( (4. 52±1. 14)μV vs (13. 88±2. 06)μV,t=17. 779,P<0. 01),but there was no significant difference of the P300 amplitude between predictive violent criminals and community enrolled controls ((13. 88±2. 06) μV vs (14. 01±1. 86)μV,t=0. 209,P=0. 835). The impulsivity scale score of impulsive violent criminals was highly negatively correlated with the amplitude of P300 (r=-0. 812,P=0. 002). There were no signifi-cant differences in the latency of P300 among impulsive violent criminals,predictive violent criminals and community enrolled controls group. And there was no significant correlation between the latency of P300 and the score of impulsivity scale (P>0. 05). Conclusion The P300 amplitude can aid in the differential diag-nosis of violent criminals with and without impulsive behavior.

Application of event-related brain potential in intelligence impairment assessment after craniocerebral trauma / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of event-related potentials (ERPs) in patients with intelligence impairments after craniocerebral trauma.Methods 60 patients with intelligence impairments after craniocerebral trauma were enrolled as case group,and 60 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group.EEG instrument was used to record P300 and P50 of the two groups and the differences in P300 and P50 components were compared.Results There are significant differences between case group and control group in latency of P300 ((440.430 ± 77.367) ms vs (342.928 ± 36.175) ms,P＜ 0.01),and case group showed decreased amplitude ((12.692±8.152) μV vs (18.138±6.590) μV,P＜0.01).The S2-P50 amplitude of case group was significantly higher than that of control group ((3.75± 1.59) μV vs (2.42±1.43) μV,P＜0.01).In addition,the S2-P50 amplitude/S1-P50 amplitude ratio of case group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (0.78±0.54 vs 0.46±0.18,P＜0.01).The latency and amplitude of P300 were significantly correlated with the total score of WAIS-RC (r=-0.31,P＜0.01;r=0.17,P＜0.01);The amplitude of S2-P50 and the ratio of S2-P50 amplitude to S1-P50 amplitude were significantly negatively correlated with the total score of WAIS-RC (r=-0.33,P＜0.01;r=-0.45,P＜0.01).Conclusion P300 and P50 components of ERP can provide references for judicial expertise to evaluate intelligence impairments after craniocerebral trauma.

Safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A made in China for treatment of post-stroke upper limb spasticity: a randomized double-blind controlled trial / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A for injection in the treatment of post-stroke upper limb spasticity (dosage was 200 U,or 240 U if combined with thumb spasticity).Methods The study was a multi-center,stratified block randomized,double-blind,placebocontrolled trial.All the qualificd subjects were from 15 clinical centers from September 2014 to February 2016.They were randomized (2∶1) to injections of botulinum toxin type A made in China (200-240 U;n =118) or placebo (n =60) in pivotal phase after informed consent signed.The study was divided into two stages.The pivotal trial phase included a one-week screening,12-week double-blind treatment,followed by an expanded phase which included six-week open-label treatment.The tone of the wrist,finger,thumb flexors was assessed at baseline and at weeks 0,1,4,6,8,12,16 and 18 using Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS),disability in activities of daily living was rated using the Disability Assessment Scale and impaction on pain,muscle tone and deformity was assessed using the Global Assessment Scale.The primary endpoint was the score difference between botulinum toxin type A and placebo groups in the tone of the wrist flexor using MAS at six weeks compared to baseline.Results Muscle tone MAS score in the wrist flexor of botulinum toxin type A and placebo groups at six weeks changed-1.00 (-2.00,-1.00) and 0.00 (-0.50,0.00) respectively from baseline.Botulinum toxin type A was significantly superior to placebo for the primary endpoint (Z =6.618,P ＜ 0.01).The safety measurement showed 10 subjects who received botulinum toxin type A had 13 adverse reactions,with an incidence of 8.47％ (10/118),and three subjects who received placebo had three adverse reactions,with an incidence of 5.00％ (3/60) during the pivotal trial phase.All adverse reactions were mild to moderate,none serious.There was no significant difference in adverse reactions incidence between the botulinum toxin type A and the placebo groups.During the expanded phase three subjects had four adverse reactions and the incidence was 1.95％.All adverse reactions were mild,none serious.Conclusion Botulinum toxin type A was found to be safe and efficacious for the treatment of post-stroke upper limb spasticity.Clinical Trial Registration:China Drug Trials,CTR20131191

Effect evaluation of health education of TCM rehabilitation after hepatobiliary surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the health education needs of TCM rehabilitation after hepatobiliary surgery,and the application effect of health education. Methods105 cases of hepatobiliary surgery patients were chosen.Homemade questionnaires with TCM rehabilitation related knowledge needs were used in the investigation.And then the health education of TCM rehabilitation was given to the patients.After these patients accepted the education and were rehabilitated,these patients were again taken TCM and rehabilitation of health education needs for investigation.The changes of the needs of the patients before and after education for the rehabilitation of health education on TCM were compared.The evaluation of the recovery effect for patients with TCM rehabilitation of health education in the liver and gallbladder surgery were taken for investigation. Results105 cases of patients with TCM and rehabilitation health knowledge education before and after the survey results showed that,the urgent need on the knowledge of TCM health rehabilitation rate after hepatobiliary surgery in patients increased significantly compared with before education.In the evaluation of the recovery effect of patients for TCM rehabilitation of health education in theliver and gallbladder surgery,the rate of thinking it effective in promoting postoperative recovery was 91.43％. ConclusionsHepatobiliary surgery patients were lack of knowledge of postoperative recovery of health knowledge of TCM and rehabilitation.By education and practical application,the patients understand the importance of health education on their postoperative rehabilitation,so TCM rehabilitation of health education has an important clinical significance in hepatobiliary surgery patients.

Detection of Rpsl Gene Mutation of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis by PCR-SSCP Silver Staining / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To study the value of detection of rpsl gene mutation in streptomycin(SM)-resistance in clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis by PCR-SSCP,and to expect to set up a rapid detective method of rpsl gene mutation in mycobacterium tuberculosis,Method Eighty seven specimens isolated from patients were detected by PCR-SSCP silver staining,and using strain H 37 Rv as a control,Results In 87 mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates,the rpsl DNA fragments from 16 drug-susceptible isolates had no mutation in rpsL gene,48 of 62 sputum specimens showed rpsl gene mutation by PCR-SSCP,positive rate was 77 4%.Conclusions The rpsL gene mutation is an important molecular mechanism of M.tuberculosis resistance to SM.PCR-SSCP might become a rapid detecting method of SM-resistance of M.tuberculosis.

Detection of Rpsl Gene Mutation of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis by PCR-SSCP Silver Staining / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To study the value of detection of rpsl gene mutation in streptomy cin(SM)-resistance in clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis by PCR -SSCP,and to expect to set up a r apid detective method of rpsl gene mutation in mycobacterium tuberculosis,Method Eighty seven specimens isolated from patients were detected by PCR-SSCP silver staining,and using strain H 37Rv as a control,Results In 87 mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates,the r psl DNA fragments from 16 drug-susceptible isolates had no mutation in rpsL gene ,48 of 62 sputum specimens showed rpsl gene mutation by PCR-SSCP,positive rate w as 77.4%.Conclusions The rpsL gene mutation is an important molecular mechanism of M.tuberc ulosis resistance to SM.PCR-SSCP might become a rapid detecting method of SM-r esistance of M.tuberculosis.

PREPARATION OF CHITIN/CHITOSAN OLIGOMERS / 中国海洋药物

Chitin/Chitosan oligomers were prepared by the concentrated hydrochloric acid or enzymatic hydrolysis with chitinase and chitosanase and its transglycosylation reaction. Their preparation,isolation and analytical methods are reviewed.